1. The forging process is to cut the material into the required size, heat, forge, heat treatment, cleaning and inspection. In small forgings, all of these operations are performed by several smiths, both hand and hand, in a small space, exposed to the same harmful environmental and occupational hazards; In large forging plants, hazards vary according to the job position. Moderate intensity of physical labor, hot and dry microclimate environment, noise and vibration, air pollution by smoke.

2. Workers are exposed to high temperature air and thermal radiation at the same time, which leads to heat accumulation in the body. Heat plus metabolic heat will cause heat dissipation disorder and pathological changes. The amount of sweat produced by an 8-hour job will vary with the small gas environment, physical exertion, and degree of thermal adaptability, generally between 1.5 and 5 liters, or even higher. In the forging shop near the heating furnace or drop hammer machine working point. Causes salt deficiency and heat cramps. During cold seasons, precision forging exposure to microclimate changes may contribute to its adaptability to some extent, but rapid and too frequent changes may pose health hazards. Forging production is carried out in the state of hot metal (such as low carbon steel forging temperature range of 1250~750℃), due to a lot of manual labor, a little careless may occur in the burn.

3. Workplace air may contain smoke, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, or acrolein, depending on the type and impurities of the furnace fuel, as well as combustion efficiency, airflow and ventilation.

4. The equipment used in forging production, such as air hammer, steam hammer, friction press, etc., gives out impact force when working. When the equipment bears such impact load, it is easy to be damaged suddenly (such as the sudden break of hammer piston rod), which will cause serious injury accident. Noise and vibration: Low frequency noise and vibration will be produced, but may also have a certain high frequency component, its sound pressure level between 95~115 dB. Exposure of workers to forging vibrations may result in temperamentally and functionally impaired working ability and safety